Bloating is a common digestive complaint that can cause discomfort and impact daily life. While occasional bloating is normal, chronic or recurrent bloating may indicate underlying issues that need attention. In this article, we will delve into some of the root causes of bloating and explore potential solutions.
1. Gut Dysbiosis:
Imbalances in the gut microbiome, known as gut dysbiosis, can contribute to bloating. Research suggests that alterations in the composition and diversity of gut bacteria can lead to excessive gas production and fermentation, resulting in bloating (1). Addressing gut dysbiosis through targeted interventions like probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary changes can help alleviate bloating symptoms (2). We can also use peptides to aid improvement of gut health or antimicrobials to restore balance.
2. Food Intolerances and Sensitivities:
Certain individuals may experience bloating due to food intolerances or sensitivities. Common culprits include lactose (found in dairy products), gluten (in wheat and other grains), and fructose (in fruits and sweeteners). These substances can be poorly digested or trigger an immune response, leading to bloating and other gastrointestinal symptoms (3). Identifying and eliminating trigger foods with the help of an elimination diet or diagnostic tests, such as food intolerance panels, can provide relief (4). Low Dose Immunotherapy also helps desensitization.
3. FODMAPs:
FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) are a group of carbohydrates that are not easily absorbed by some individuals. They can ferment in the gut, causing gas and bloating. High-FODMAP foods include certain fruits, vegetables, grains, and sweeteners. A low-FODMAP diet, guided by a healthcare professional, can help identify and manage FODMAP-related bloating (5).
4. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO):
SIBO occurs when there is an abnormal overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine, leading to bloating, gas, and other digestive symptoms. The excess bacteria can produce gases like hydrogen and methane, contributing to bloating and distention (6). Diagnosis and treatment of SIBO typically involve breath testing and targeted antimicrobial therapy (7).
5. Digestive Disorders:
Bloating can also be a symptom of underlying digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or gastroparesis. These conditions can disrupt normal digestive processes and contribute to bloating. Proper diagnosis and management of these disorders are essential for addressing bloating symptoms effectively (8).
In conclusion, understanding the root causes of bloating is key to finding relief and improving digestive health. Gut dysbiosis, food intolerances, FODMAPs, SIBO, and digestive disorders are just some of the factors that can contribute to bloating. Working with a healthcare professional, such as a functional medicine practitioner or gastroenterologist, can help identify the underlying causes and develop an individualized treatment plan. Angelica Clark PA-C, IFMCP is a Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner that is located in in Texas and can help you find relief from bloating using this approach . clarkwellnesswaco.com - (254) 386-8149
References:
1. Rinninella, E. et al. (2019). Gut microbiota and celiac disease. Digestive and Liver Disease, 51(9), 1215–1222.
2. Johnsen, P. H. et al. (2020). Faecal microbiota transplantation versus placebo for moderate-to-severe irritable bowel syndrome: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-centre trial. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 5(1), 17–24.
3. Skodje, G. I. et al . (2018). Fructan, Rather Than Gluten, Induces Symptoms in Patients With Self-Reported Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity. Gastroenterology, 154(3), 529–539.e2.
4. Aziz, I. et al. (2014). A Study on the Prevalence of Undiagnosed Coeliac Disease in Adult Patients with Functional Dyspepsia. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 40(11–12), 1347–1353.
5. Halmos, E. P. et al. (2014). A Diet Low in FODMAPs Reduces Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Gastroenterology, 146(1), 67–75.e5.
6. Ghoshal, U. C. et al. (2017). Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bridge between Functional Organic Dichotomy. Gut and Liver, 11(2), 196–208.
7. Rezaie, A. et al. (2016). Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 112(5), 775–784.
8. Drossman, D. A. (2016). Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: History, Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, and Rome IV. Gastroenterology, 150(6), 1262–1279.e2.
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